S23 Ep14: Black Maternal Health and Reproductive Justice with Dr. Ndidiamaka Amutah-Onukagha, PhD, Founder CBMHRJ

*Content warning: birth trauma, medical trauma, medical neglect, racism, death of an infant, infant loss, death, maternal loss, mature and stressful themes. *Free + Confidential Resources + Safety Tips: somethingwaswrong.com/resources     Center for Black Maternal Health & Reproductive Justice: https://blackmaternalhealth.tufts.edu/ Center for Black Maternal Health & Reproductive Justice Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/cbmhrj_tufts/ Center for Black Maternal Health & Reproductive Justice Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/CBMHRJTufts/ Center for Black Maternal Health & Reproductive Justice LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/cbmhrjtufts/ Sources:  Addressing Transportation Barriers to Improve Healthcare Access in Arizona https://repository.arizona.edu/handle/10150/674794  Advancing Health Equity and Value-Based Care: A Mobile Approach https://info.primarycare.hms.harvard.edu/perspectives/articles/mobile-clinics-in-the-us-health-system#:~:text=Mobileclinicsareaproven,thecriticalweeksafterbirth  American College of Nurse Midwives https://midwife.org/  American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) https://www.acog.org/   Birth Centers in Massachusetts https://baystatebirth.org/birth-centers  A Brief History of Midwifery in America https://www.ohsu.edu/womens-health/brief-history-midwifery-america  Clinical outcomes improve when patient’s and surgeon’s ethnicity match, study shows https://www.uclahealth.org/news/article/clinical-outcomes-patients-surgeons-concordance The Controversial Birth of American Gynecology https://researchblog.duke.edu/2023/10/27/the-controversial-birth-of-american-gynecology/  'Father Of Gynecology,' Who Experimented On Slaves, No Longer On Pedestal In NYC https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/04/17/603163394/-father-of-gynecology-who-experimented-on-slaves-no-longer-on-pedestal-in-nyc  Governor Healey Signs Maternal Health Bill, Expanding Access to Midwifery, Birth Centers and Doulas in Massachusetts https://www.mass.gov/news/governor-healey-signs-maternal-health-bill-expanding-access-to-midwifery-birth-centers-and-doulas-in-massachusetts#:~:text=GovernorHealeySignsMaternalHealthBillCExpanding,ExecutiveOfficeofHealthandHumanServices   Governor Murphy Signs Bill Establishing Maternal and Infant Health Innovation Center https://www.nj.gov/governor/news/news/562023/approved/20230717a.shtml  Helping Mothers and Children Thrive: Rethinking CMS’s Transforming Maternal Health (TMaH) Model https://www.milbank.org/quarterly/opinions/helping-mothers-and-children-thrive-rethinking-cmss-transforming-maternal-health-tmah-model/#:~:text=TheTransformingMaternalHealth(TMaH)Model&text=TheTMaHModelfocuseson,midwiferyservicesanddoulacare   The Historical Significance of Doulas and Midwives https://nmaahc.si.edu/explore/stories/historical-significance-doulas-and-midwives Infant Health and Mortality and Black/African American https://minorityhealth.hhs.gov/infant-health-and-mortality-and-blackafrican-americans#:~:text=In2022%2Ctheinfantmortality,Figure2   Legislature Passes Comprehensive Maternal Health Bill https://malegislature.gov/PressRoom/Detail?pressReleaseId=136 Life Story: Anarcha, Betsy, and Lucy https://wams.nyhistory.org/a-nation-divided/antebellum/anarcha-betsy-lucy/ Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Emergency Need for Updated Approach Due to Specific Circumstances, Resources, and Availabilities https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11643001/#:~:text=EtiologyandRiskFactorsof,insufficienttreatment%E2%80%9D%5B50%5D  March of Dimes https://www.marchofdimes.org/peristats/about-us       Maternity Care Desert https://www.marchofdimes.org/peristats/data?top=23  Maternal deaths and mortality rates by state, 2018-2022 https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/maternal-mortality/mmr-2018-2022-state-data.pdf   Maternal Mortality in the United States After Abortion Bans https://thegepi.org/maternal-mortality-abortion-bans/#:~:text=In2023%2CTexas'smaternalmortality,suffermaternaldeathin2023   Maternal Mortality in the U.S Declined, though Disparities in the Black Population Persist https://policycentermmh.org/maternal-mortality-in-the-u-s-a-declining-trend-with-persistent-racial-disparities-in-the-black-population/ Maternal Mortality Is on the Rise: 8 Things To Know https://www.yalemedicine.org/news/maternal-mortality-on-the-rise  Maternal Mortality: How the U.S. Compares to Other Rich Countries https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2024-06-04/how-the-u-s-compares-to-other-rich-countries-in-maternal-mortality Maternal Mortality Rates in the United States, 2021 https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hestat/maternal-mortality/2021/maternal-mortality-rates-2021.htm#:~:text=In2021%2C1%2C205womendied,20.1in2019(Table)  Medical Exploitation of Black Women https://eji.org/news/history-racial-injustice-medical-exploitation-of-black-women/ National Midwifery Institute https://www.nationalmidwiferyinstitute.com/midwifery      National Counsel of State Boards of Nursing https://www.ncsbn.org/ North American Registry of Midwives (NARM) https://narm.org/         Outcome of subsequent pregnancies in women with complete uterine rupture: A population-based case–control study https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/aogs.14338#:~:text=outcomesarerare.-,1INTRODUCTION,experienceacompleteuterinerupture.&text=Completeuterineruptureisdefined,completeruptureofthemyometrium   Pregnancy-Related Deaths: Data From Maternal Mortality Review Committees in 36 U.S. States, 2017–2019 https://www.cdc.gov/maternal-mortality/php/data-research/mmrc-2017-2019.html  Preterm Birth https://www.cdc.gov/maternal-infant-health/preterm-birth/index.html#:~:text=Pretermbirthrates&text=In2022%2Cpretermbirthamong,orHispanicwomen(10.1%25)    Racial Disparities in Maternal and Infant Health: Current Status and Efforts to Address Them https://www.kff.org/racial-equity-and-health-policy/issue-brief/racial-disparities-in-maternal-and-infant-health-current-status-and-efforts-to-address-them/ The Racist History of Abortion and Midwifery Bans https://www.aclu.org/news/racial-justice/the-racist-history-of-abortion-and-midwifery-bans  Reducing Disparities in Severe Maternal Morbidity and Mortality https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5915910/#:~:text=Severemorbidityposesanenormous,ofseverematernalmorbidityevents   State investigating Dallas birth center and midwives, following multiple complaints from patients https://www.wfaa.com/article/news/local/investigates/state-investigating-dallas-birth-center-midwives-following-multiple-complaints-from-patients/287-ea77eb18-c637-44d4-aaa2-fe8fd7a2fcef       The State of Telehealth Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9035352/  Texas Department of Licensing and Regulation (TDLR) https://www.tdlr.texas.gov/      U.S. maternal death rate increasing at an alarming rate<...