Introduction to MySQL

Join hosts Lois Houston and Nikita Abraham as they kick off a new season exploring the world of MySQL 8.4. Together with Perside Foster, a MySQL Principal Solution Engineer, they break down the fundamentals of MySQL, its wide range of applications, and why it’s so popular among developers and database administrators. This episode also covers key topics like licensing options, support services, and the various tools, features, and plugins available in MySQL Enterprise Edition.   ------------------------------------------------------------   Episode Transcript:   00:00 Welcome to the Oracle University Podcast, the first stop on your cloud journey. During this series of informative  podcasts, we’ll bring you foundational training on the most popular Oracle technologies. Let’s get started! 00:26 Lois: Hello and welcome to the Oracle University Podcast! I’m Lois Houston, Director of Innovation Programs with Oracle University, and with me is Nikita Abraham, Team Lead: Editorial Services. Nikita: Happy New Year, everyone! Thank you for joining us as we begin a new season of the podcast, this time focused on the basics of MySQL 8.4. If you’re a database administrator or want to become one, this is definitely for you. It’s also great for developers working with data-driven apps or IT professionals handling MySQL installs, configurations, and support. 01:03 Lois: That’s right, Niki. Throughout the season, we'll be delving into MySQL Enterprise Edition and covering a range of topics, including installation, security, backups, and even MySQL HeatWave on Oracle Cloud.  Nikita: Today, we're going to discuss the Oracle MySQL ecosystem and its various components. We’ll start by covering the fundamentals of MySQL and the different licenses that are available. Then, we’ll explore the key tools and features to boost data security and performance. Plus, we’ll talk a little bit about MySQL HeatWave, which is the cloud version of MySQL.  01:39 Lois: To take us through all of this, we’ve got Perside Foster with us today. Perside is a MySQL Principal Solution Engineer at Oracle. Hi Perside! For anyone new to MySQL, can you explain what it is and why it's so widely used? Perside: MySQL is a relational database management system that organizes data into structured tables, rows, and columns for efficient programming and data management. MySQL is transactional by nature. When storing and managing data, actions such as selecting, inserting, updating, or deleting are required. MySQL groups these actions into a transaction. The transaction is saved only if every part completes successfully. 02:29 Lois: Now, how does MySQL work under the hood? Perside: MySQL is a high-performance database that uses its default storage engine, known as InnoDB. InnoDB helps MySQL handle complex operations and large data volumes smoothly. 02:49 Nikita: For the unversed, what are some day-to-day applications of MySQL? How is it used in the real world? Perside: MySQL works well with online transaction processing workloads. It handles transactions quickly and manages large volumes of transaction at once. OLTP, with low latency and high throughput, makes MySQL ideal for high-speed environments like banking or online shopping. MySQL not only stores data but also replicates it from a main server to several replicas. 03:31 Nikita: That's impressive! And what are the benefits of using MySQL?  Perside: It improves data availability and load balancing, which is crucial for businesses that need up-to-date information. MySQL replication supports read scale-out by distributing queries across servers, which increases high availability. MySQL is the most popular database on the web. 04:00 Lois: And why is that? What makes it so popular? What sets it apart from the other database management systems? Perside: First, it is a relational database management system that supports SQL. It also works as a document store, enabling the creation of both SQL and NoSQL applications without the need for separate NoSQL databases. Additionally, MySQL offers advanced security features to protect data integrity and privacy. It also uses tablespaces for better disk space management. This gives database administrators total control over their data storage. MySQL is simple, solid in its reliability, and secure by design. It is easy to use and ideal for both beginners and professionals. MySQL is proven at scale by efficiently handling large data volumes and high transaction rates. MySQL is also open source. This means anyone can download and use it for free. Users can modify the MySQL software to meet their needs. However, it is governed by the GNU General Public License, or GPL. GPL outlines specific rules for its use. MySQL offers two major editions. For developers and small teams, the Community Edition is available for free and includes all of the core features needed. For large enterprises, the Commercial Edition provides advanced features, management tools, and dedicated technical support. 05:58 Nikita: Ok. Let’s shift focus to licensing. Who is it useful for?  Perside: MySQL licensing is essential for independent software vendors. They're called ISVs. And original manufacturers, they're called OEMs. This is because these companies often incorporate MySQL code into their software products or hardware system to boost the functionality and performance of their product. MySQL licensing is equally important for value-added resellers. We call those VARs. And also, it's important for other distributors. These groups bundle MySQL with other commercially licensed software to sell as part of their product offering. The GPL v.2 license might suit Open Source projects that distribute their products under that license.   07:02 Lois: But what if some independent software vendors, original manufacturers, or value-add resellers don’t want to create Open Source products. They don’t want their source to be publicly available and they want to keep it private? What happens then? Perside: This is why Oracle provides a commercial licensing option. This license allows businesses to use MySQL in their products without having to disclose their source code as required by GPL v2. 07:33 Nikita: I want to bring up the robust support services that are available for MySQL Enterprise. What can we expect in terms of support, Perside?  Perside: MySQL Enterprise Support provides direct access to the MySQL Support team. This team consists of experienced MySQL developers, who are experts in databases. They understand the issues and challenges their customers face because they, too, have personally tackled these issues and challenges. This support service operates globally and is available in 29 languages. So no matter where customers are located, Oracle Support provides assistance, most likely in their preferred language. MySQL Enterprise Support offers regular updates and hot fixes to ensure that the MySQL customer systems stays current with the latest improvements and security patches. MySQL Support is available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This ensures that whenever there is an issue, Oracle Support can provide the needed help without any delay. There are no restrictions on how many times customers can receive help from the team because MySQL Enterprise Support allows for unlimited incidents. MySQL Enterprise Support goes beyond simply fixing issues. It also offers guidance and advice. Whether customers require assistance with performance tuning or troubleshooting, the team is there to support them every step of the way.  09:27 Lois: Perside, can you walk us through the various tools and advanced features that are available within MySQL? Maybe we could start with MySQL Shell. Perside: MySQL Shell is an integrated client tool used for all MySQL database operations and administrative functions. It's a top choice among MySQL users for its versatility and powerful features. MySQL Shell offers multi-language support for JavaScript, Python, and SQL. These naturally scriptable languages make coding flexible and efficient. They also allow developers to use their preferred programming language for everything, from automating database tasks to writing complex queries. MySQL Shell supports both document and relational models. Whether your project needs the flexibility of NoSQL’s document-oriented structures or the structured relationships of traditional SQL tables, MySQL Shell manages these different data types without any problems. Another key feature of MySQL Shell is its full access to both development and administrative APIs. This ability makes it easy to automate complex database operations and do custom development directly from MySQL Shell. MySQL Shell excels at DBA operations. It has extensive tools for database configuration, maintenance, and monitoring. These tools not only improve the efficiency of managing databases, but they also reduce the possibility for human error, making MySQL databases more reliable and easier to manage.  11:37 Nikita: What about the MySQL Server tool? I know that it is the core of the MySQL ecosystem and is available in both the community and commercial editions. But how does it enhance the MySQL experience? Perside: It connects with various devices, applications, and third-party tools to enhance its functionality. The server manages both SQL for structured data and NoSQL for schemaless applications. It has many key components. The parser, which interprets SQL commands. Optimizer, which ensures efficient query execution. And then the queue cache and buffer pools. They reduce disk usage and speed up access. InnoDB, the default storage engine, maintains data integrity and supports robust transaction and recovery mechanism. MySQL is designed for scalability and reliability. With features like replication and clustering, it distributes data, manage more users, and ensure consistent uptime. 13:00 Nikita: What role does MySQL Enterprise Edition play in MySQL server’s capabilities? Perside: MySQL Enterprise Edition improves MySQL server by adding a suite of commercial extensions. These exclusive tools and services are designed for enterprise-level deployments and challenging environments. These tools and services include secure online backup. It keeps your data safe with efficient backup solutions. Real-time monitoring provides insight into database performance and health. The seamless integration connects easily with existing infrastructure, improving data flow and operations. Then you have the 24/7 expert support. It offers round the clock assistance to optimize and troubleshoot your databases. 14:04 Lois: That's an extensive list of features. Now, can you explain what MySQL Enterprise plugins are? I know they’re specialized extensions that boost the capabilities of MySQL server, tools, and services, but I’d love to know a little more about how they work. Perside: Each plugin serves a specific purpose. Firewall plugin protects against SQL injection by allowing only pre-approved queries. The audit plugin logs database activities, tracking who accesses databases and what they do. Encryption plugin secures data at rest, protecting it from unauthorized access. Then we have the authentication plugin, which integrates with systems like LDAP and Active Directory for control access. Finally, the thread pool plugin optimizes performance in high load situation by effectively controlling how many execution threads are used and how long they run. The plugin and tools are included in the MySQL Enterprise Edition suite. 15:32 Join the Oracle University Learning Community and tap into a vibrant network of over 1 million members, including Oracle experts and fellow learners. This dynamic community is the perfect place to grow your skills, connect with likeminded learners, and celebrate your successes. As a MyLearn subscriber, you have access to engage with your fellow learners and participate in activities in the community. Visit community.oracle.com/ou to check things out today! 16:03 Nikita: Welcome back! We’ve been going through the various MySQL tools, and another important one is MySQL Enterprise Backup, right?  Perside: MySQL Enterprise Backup is a powerful tool that offers online, non-blocking backup and recovery. It makes sure databases remain available and performs optimally during the backup process. It also includes advanced features, such as incremental and differential backup. Additionally, MySQL Enterprise Backup supports compression to reduce backups and encryptions to keep data secure. One of the standard capabilities of MySQL Enterprise Backup is its seamless integration with media management software, or MMS. This integration simplifies the process of managing and storing backups, ensuring that data is easily accessible and secure. Then we have the MySQL Workbench Enterprise. It enhances database development and design with robust tools for creating and managing your diagram and ensuring proper documentation. It simplifies data migration with powerful tools that makes it easy to move databases between platforms. For database administration, MySQL Workbench Enterprise offers efficient tools for monitoring, performance tuning, user management, and backup and recovery. MySQL Enterprise Monitor is another tool. It provides real-time MySQL performance and availability monitoring. It helps track database's health and performance. It visually finds and fixes problem queries. This is to make it easy to identify and address performance issues. It offers MySQL best-practice advisors to guide users in maintaining optimal performance and security. Lastly, MySQL Enterprise Monitor is proactive and it provides forecasting. 18:40 Lois: Oh that’s really going to help users stay ahead of potential issues. That’s fantastic! What about the Oracle Enterprise Manager Plugin for MySQL? Perside: This one offers availability and performance monitoring to make sure MySQL databases are running smoothly and efficiently. It provides configuration monitoring. This is to help keep track of the database settings and configuration. Finally, it collects all available metrics to provide comprehensive insight into the database operation. 19:19 Lois: Are there any tools designed to handle higher loads and improve security? Perside: MySQL Enterprise Thread Pool improves scalability as concurrent connections grows. It makes sure the database can handle increased loads efficiently. MySQL Enterprise Authentication is another tool. This one integrates MySQL with existing security infrastructures. It provides robust security solutions. It supports Linux PAM, LDAP, Windows, Kerberos, and even FIDO for passwordless authentication. 20:02 Nikita: Do any tools offer benefits like customized logging, data protection, database security? Perside: The MySQL Enterprise Audit provides out-of-the-box logging of connections, logins, and queries in XML or JSON format. It also offers simple to fine-grained policies for filtering and log rotation. This is to ensure comprehensive and customizable logging. MySQL Enterprise Firewall detects and blocks out of policy database transactions. This is to protect your data from unauthorized access and activities. We also have MySQL Enterprise Asymmetric Encryption. It uses MySQL encryption libraries for key management signing and verifying data. It ensures data stays secure during handling. MySQL Transparent Data Encryption, another tool, provides data-at-rest encryption within the database. The Master Key is stored outside of the database in a KMIP 1.1-compliant Key Vault. That is to improve database security. Finally, MySQL Enterprise Masking offers masking capabilities, including string masking and dictionary replacement. This ensures sensitive data is protected by obscuring it. It also provides random data generators, such as range-based, payment card, email, and social security number generators. These tools help create realistic but anonymized data for testing and development. 22:12 Lois: Can you tell us about HeatWave, the MySQL cloud service? We’re going to have a whole episode dedicated to it soon, but just a quick introduction for now would be great. Perside: MySQL HeatWave offers a fully managed MySQL service. It provides deployment, backup and restore, high availability, resizing, and read replicas, all the features you need for efficient database management. This service is a powerful union of Oracle Infrastructure and MySQL Enterprise Edition 8. It combines robust performance with top-tier infrastructure. With MySQL HeatWave, your systems are always up to date with the latest security fixes, ensuring your data is always protected. Plus, it supports both OLTP and analytics/ML use cases, making it a versatile solution for diverse database needs. 23:22 Nikita: So to wrap up, what are your key takeways when it comes to MySQL? Perside: When you use MySQL, here is the bottom line. MySQL Enterprise Edition delivers unmatched performance at scale. It provides advanced monitoring and tuning capabilities to ensure efficient database operation, even under heavy loads. Plus, it provides insurance and immediate help when needed, allowing you to depend on expert support whenever an issue arises. Regarding total cost of ownership, TCO, this edition significantly reduces the risk of downtime and enhances productivity. This leads to significant cost savings and improved operational efficiency. On the matter of risk, MySQL Enterprise Edition addresses security and regulatory compliance. This is to make sure your data meets all necessary standards. Additionally, it provides direct contact with the MySQL team for expert guidance. In terms of DevOps agility, it supports automated scaling and management, as well as flexible real-time backups, making it ideal for agile development environments. Finally, concerning customer satisfaction, it enhances application performance and uptime, ensuring your customers have a reliable and smooth experience. 25:18 Lois: Thank you so much, Perside. This is really insightful information. To learn more about all the support services that are available, visit support.oracle.com. This is the central hub for all MySQL Enterprise Support resources.  Nikita: Yeah, and if you want to know about the key commercial products offered by MySQL, visit mylearn.oracle.com and search for the MySQL 8.4: Essentials course. Join us next week for a discussion on installing MySQL. Until then, this is Nikita Abraham… Lois: And Lois Houston signing off! 25:53 That’s all for this episode of the Oracle University Podcast. If you enjoyed listening, please click Subscribe to get all the latest episodes. 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